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(No Model.)

F. RHIND.

ARGAND LAMP. No. 481,674. Patented Aug. 30, 1892.

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NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

FRANII RHIND, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE EDWARD MILLER Kv COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ARGAN D LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters' Patent No. 481,674, dated August 30, 1892.

Application led March 30, 1892. Serial No. 42 '7.116. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK RHIND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Meriden, New Haven county, Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Argand Lamps, of which the following is a specificaion.

My invention relates to the inner air-distributers of Argand lamps, and is intended to increase the iow of air through such distributers, at the saine time effectually checking eddies and causing an even flow.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents so much of an Argand lamp as is necessary to show my invention. Figs. 2, 3, and et shows various modifications.

The same letters refer to like parts in the several views.

A designates the inner air or central drafttube of an Argand lamp; B, an inner air-distributer or thimble; Z), perforations in the thimble B.

In the example of my invention illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings the central drafttube A is shown as surmounted by a distributer or thimble B, similar to that shown in United States Patent No. 364,438, granted on my application June 7, 1887, except that the perforations shown in the inner air-distributer of that patent are circular. In the distributer or thimble B herein shown these perforations b are obliquely-placed oblong holes with their sides parallel and their ends semicircular. It will be seen that the perforations b are so arranged on the distributer B that no vertical line can be drawn on the surface of the distributer B that does not pass through several of the perforations. By this means air is supplied to the tip of the iiame in a sheet rather than in jets, and serration of the iiame is avoided. In some forms of construction this system of oblique perforations obliquely arranged on the dist-ributers is particularly advantageous.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings is shown oval perforations h, placed with their longer axes at right angles to the axis of the thimble B. In Fig. 3 I have shown perforations or slots b of rectangular form, their longer dimensions parallel with the axis of the thimble. In Fig.

A the perforations b are shown of U shape.

It will be noticed that I have shown in the different figures the distributers B as of different shapes and differently supported. I have done this to show that the shape of the distributer or the manner of supporting it is non-essential to my present invention.

In accordance with well-known laws of fluid motion air drawn upward through the inner air-tube of an Argand lamp tends to a rhythmic pulsation, and still more noticeably to move in a helical or spiral curve. A principal function of a foraminous inner air-distributer is to check these irregularities and deliver the air to the inner mantle of the flame regularly and evenly. To secure these results it has heretofore been considered necessary to perforate the sides of the distributer with fine holes. To produce an intense white flame, it is necessary to supply a large volume of air. The frictional resistance of the small perforations is often too great to permit the passage ofthe desired quantity, the height of the distributer or thimble above the tube being necessarily limited. To attemp to remedy the defect by increasing either the size or the number of the perforations would structurally weaken the thimble, so that it would not stand ordinary handling. A smaller number of larger circular holes is found in practice to fail to check the whirling or spiral delivery of the air to the flame. I have heretofore attempted to check this spiral flow and to get the benefit of relatively large perforations in the thimble by various devices.

In United States Patents Nos. 382,270, 387,258, and 07,492 I have shown different forms of foraminous linings or inner shells within the thimble. In patent No. 416,236 I have secured a diametric partition, either solid or foraminous.

My present invention consists in perforating the inner air distributer or thimble with non-circular holes, preferably holes Whose greater diameter or dimension is considerably more than the diameter or dimension transverse thereto.4 I am in this way able to secure the three prime necessities-*11. e., sufcient structural strength, great air capacity,

'and thorough breaking up of eddies, spiral currents, and pulsations. I am also able to dispense with linings, partitions, and other cumbersome and somewhat expensive devices.

I am aware that perforations in the outer skirts of burners have sometimes, for the sake of ornament, been made of non-circular form. As, however, the air which passes through these apertures has not previously been drawn upward through a vertical tube or in any way had a spiral or pulsatory motion imparted to it, no function, save that of ornament, could be subserved.

What I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

1. In an Argand lamp, in combination, a central draft-tube through which air is su pplied to the inner mantle of the ame and a distributer eoaeting therewith and provided with perforations one diameter or dimension of which is greater than a diameter ordimension transverse thereto, substantially as described.

2. In an Argand lamp, in combination, a central drafttube through which air is supplied to the inner mantle of the dame and a distributer coacting therewith andM provided with perforationsone diameter or dimension of Which is greater than a diameter or dimension transverse thereto, said greater diameter being at an angle with the axis of said distributer, substantially as described.

3. In an Argand lamp, in combination, a central draft-tube through which air is supplied to the inner mantle of the fiame and a distributer coacting therewith and provided with perforations one diameter or dimension of which is greater than a diameter or dimension transverse thereto, said perforations being so disposed that no vertical line can be drawn on said distributer between said perforations, substantially as described.

FRANK RHIND.

Witnesses:

GEO. L. COOPER, ELLA H. COOPER. 

